Paul Ekman Facial Action Coding System Pdf

I'm the Science Editor at iMotions. I've previously spent my time as a neuroscientist / psychologist, where I found and developed my love for good science. I have a PhD in neuroscience and developmental biology, alongside a bachelor's degree in psychology, and a master's degree in cognitive and computational neuroscience. I'm a big fan of the brain and mind. I believe in the power of well-captured data to provide answers about who we are, what we think, and why we behave in the way that we do.

The Facial Action Coding System (FACS) is an internationally recognized, sophisticated research tool that precisely measures the entire spectrum of human facial expressions. FACS has elucidated the physiological presence of emotion with very high levels of reliability. FACS has played a particularly important role in predicting patterns related to deception at about 80% accuracy. Created in the 1970s by psychologists Paul Ekman and Wallace V. Friesen FACS provides a comprehensive taxonomy of human facial expressions. FACS remains the most widely used and acclaimed method for coding the minutest movements of the human face.

Ekman and Friesen [14] developed the Facial Action Coding. System (FACS) for describing facial expressions by action units (AUs). Of 44 FACS AUs that they. Obrazec zaklyucheniya kadastrovogo inzhenera dlya suda.

The system dissects observed expressions by determining how facial muscle contractions alter appearance. Each movement is categorized into specific Action Units (AUs), which represent the contraction or relaxation of one or more muscles. All facial expressions can be decomposed into their constituent AUs and described by duration, intensity, and asymmetry. Trained experts examine patterns in the changing nature of facial appearance including: movement, changes in shape and location of the features, and the gathering, pouching, bulging and wrinkling of the skin. Understanding the coordination between action units and certain expressions illuminates the implications of human body language and non verbal behavior. Applications of FACS: One of the most well known applications of FACS has been to distinguish Duchenne (or “genuine”) smiles from social (or “fake”) smiles. The specificity of FACS coding reveals the anatomical elements which make it difficult to fake a Duchenne smile.

While the social smile involves the contraction of a singular facial muscle, the Duchenne smile is activated by the involuntary movement of multiple muscle groupings. FACS can be used in the following ways: • The measurement of facial behavior and detailed detection of specific emotional expressions. • Research tool for measurement and discovery of new patterns of movements and relationships. Benefits of Using FACS over other facial measurement systems: • FACS is comprehensive and unbiased as a system of facial movement measurement. It can be used as a descriptive method encompassing all observable behavior or it can be specified to describe emotion specific behavior. • FACS is unobtrusive. FACS can be applied without the subjects awareness that their faces are being analyzed.